Heterogeneously integrated III–V-on-Si microring resonators: a building block for programmable photonic integrated circuits

Beyond various application-specific photonic integrated circuits (PICs), a programmable PIC comprising identically designed generic building blocks with multiple active functionalities under different operational conditions is an attractive design option. Here, we propose and demonstrate proof-of-concept experiments of heterogeneously III–V-on-Si microring resonator (MRR) as such versatile block. The MRR can function electro-optical channel add-drop switch signal amplification, directly modulated injection laser, or microcavity photodetector electrical bias conditions. We discuss the fabrication process for our heterogeneous integration platform based on atomic layer deposition-assisted molecular bonding technique.